How To Play Guitar Rock N Roll

How To Play Guitar Rock N Roll

One of the first iterations of rock music, rock and roll arose as the music of the baby boomer generation in the early 1950s through the early 960s. Based predominantly on a sped-up blues format and cataloguing the daily lives of teenagers and youth, rock and roll quickly rose to become one of the most popular music styles among young people and laid the foundation for the eventual success of countless classic bands.

Playing rock and roll guitar can be intuitive but requires skill and knowledge to master. When done right, it can certainly be one of the most exhilarating styles of music around.

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Rock and roll evolved primarily from the electrified blues movements of the 1940s and early 1950s. Itself based on the Mississippi Delta blues tradition, electric blues amplified the 12-bar format and pentatonic soloing style for larger audiences.

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As those audiences continued to grow and blues players continued to improve their soloing chops, some performers sped up blues songs to a more peppy, danceable beat. This music style, termed “rhythm and blues, ” carried many of the elements eventually found in rock and roll.

Yet while rhythm and blues music may have been the primary influence in the development of rock and roll, other forms like country and swing played a roll as well. The danceable nature of these genres and their boogie lines carried into later rock and roll.

Early rock and roll artists like Chuck Berry and Little Richard borrowed much of their instrumentation and feel from electric blues, but added a new direction with their expressive solos (Berry on guitar, Little Richard on piano) and new lyrical style: rather than the downtrodden, forlorn blues singer, rock and roll vocalists sang about cars, love, and teenage life and incorporated more advanced wordplay into their lyrics.

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Rock and roll guitar is characterized by a warm, slightly distorted guitar sound, especially from tube amplifiers. The chord vocabulary is generally based around the 12-bar blues (using the I, IV, and V chords), with heavy emphasis on traditional barre chords.

Most rock and roll players create a chugging, pusing rhythm by alternating between playing the fifth and sixth note of each barre chord in time as they strum. While it takes some practice to get used to, especially for players with smaller hands, this rhythm playing is one of the defining features of rock and roll.

Beyond earlier blues and jazz music, rock and roll was also one of the first genres to feature fast, danceable guitar solos. Lead guitar skill quickly became a calling card for young artists looking to prove themselves in rock, and was a critical skill for many different players on the scene. The importance placed on the electric guitar solo led to some of the first debates over the “best” guitarist around — debates that were generally settled on the basis of soloing skill.

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Chuck Berry may not have been the very first guitarist to play rock and roll, but he was without a doubt among the most charismatic and the most influential to boot. Berry’s blues-inspired solos, filled with unique bending and sliding techniques, practically created the lexicon for lead playing from rock and roll through classic and modern rock.

Berry’s 1955 smash “Maybellene” broke open the era of the electric guitar in rock and roll. Artists like Eddie Cochran followed Berry’s lead with hits such as “Twenty Flight Rock.” Following the pattern of a 12-bar blues, “Twenty Flight Rock” was notable for its teenage-focused lyrics and uptempo, danceable swing beat.

Breaking onto the music scene with his debut record in 1957, Buddy Holly was another major influence in the development of rock and roll guitar music. Unlike Berry and Cochran, Holly often penned songs outside of a 12-bar blues format — his biggest hits, “That’ll Be The Day” and “Peggy Sue, ” both use chords outside of the traditional blues structure — and became noted for his exceptional guitar skills as well as his distinctive appearance (complete with thick-rimmed glasses).

How

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At the same time as artists reinvented blues music for a rock and roll audience, rockabilly music — a fusion of traditional country songs with a rock and roll beat — was growing in popularity. Elvis Presley (with his electric guitarist Scotty Moore) and Carl Perkins are among the most famous guitar players of the genre, which was centered around Sam Phillips’ Sun Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.

Rockabilly recordings like Elvis’ “That’s All Right, Mama” and Carl Perkins’ “Blue Suede Shoes” (later covered by Elvis as well) were big hits in their own right, but they became even more important in rock and roll history because of their influence on a growing generation of young British rockers — a generation that would include The Beatles.

Rock and roll music spread to England in the mid to late 1950s, just as the guitar began to rise in popularity. By the early 1960s, players like John Lennon and George Harrison (as part of the Beatles) had made the leap to the United States in what would later be termed the British Invasion.

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Though rock and roll soon evolved into a variety of new and different genres after the Invasion, British guitarists repopularized American rock and roll songs with their inventive and energetic covers, and bright, peppy guitar style. Thanks to the legacies of so many British Invasion bands like The Beatles, The Yardbirds, The Kinks, and The Rolling Stones, rock and roll music remains an enduring piece of American culture today.

Thanks to its heritage in blues and country, the vast majority of rock and roll songs use just three chords: the I, IV, and V. These are all major chords and can be played in different voicings all across the neck depending on the key and position.

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The above diagrams show some common positions for playing different rock and roll chord voicings in different keys. Most rock and roll songs emphasize traditional barre chords; it’s easy to play all three chords in a I-IV-V progression within two frets of each other using solely “E” and “A” shape barre chords.

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Rock and roll players also love to use dominant seventh chords for a more harmonically interesting rhythm part. Where major chords can sound very resolved and vanilla, dominant seventh chords offer more tension and inject new flavor into a common structure.

Dominant seventh chords are easy to play as barre chords and free up your pinky finger for some additional rhythm playing. Most rock and roll guitarists use their pinky finger to add the sixth note to each chord they play — take a look at the diagram below for examples.

Diagram showing how to add the sixth note to a dominant seventh chord. Most rock and roll guitarists keep their third finger planted on the fifth note and simply add their pinky to the sixth. 

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Alternating between playing the fifth and sixth note creates a driving, steady rhythm unlike any other found in blues or country. Knowing how to play those chords properly is essential for any rock and roll guitarist.

How

Rock and roll melodies tend to be very pentatonic, with blues inflections in the vocals. Guitarists often play the vocal melody through instrumental breaks; copying those vocal blues inflections with chromatic passing notes and blue notes is another important technique.

Rock and roll is dominated by one simple rhythm: the pulsating, alternating rhythm of barre chords with the added fifth and sixth. But though it may be simple, this pattern can be excruciating to play — just ask the many beginners who either haven’t practiced their barre chords yet or simply have hands too small to reach the four-fret stretch on the lower strings.

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Most rock and roll artists alternate between the two in a shuffle pattern, playing the fifth twice than the sixth twice. Depending on the style of the song, it may be played either straight or swung, though swinging the rhythm is more common for shuffles.

Beyond that fifth and sixth shuffle pattern, there are a few other key rhythms to learn if you want to play rock and roll guitar. Most revolve around the I-IV-V chords used in a 12-bar blues, and are fairly simple to pick up once you’re comfortable with the chord shapes.

One common example is the lilting, offbeat swing found in the verses of Eddie Cochran’s “Twenty Flight Rock.” Playing three notes across each measure (all taken from the chords in a 12-bar blues pattern), this rhythm is more commonly used in the rockabilly subgenre and works well for providing a more rocked-up country feel than the standard blues shuffle.

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Another vintage rock and roll song performed most notably by the Beatles, “Kansas City” offers a driving, chunky rhythm part that works well over plenty of different rock and roll songs. Based once again off the 12-bar blues chords, this rhythm incorporates muted strums with an ascending and descending guitar line for a percussive, swinging feel. Take a listen to the track below; pay extra attention to the way the guitar rhythm shifts over each chord in the 12-bar progression.

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