I would like to get understood about the guitar harmonics notation. I was told decimal numbers in a tablature mean natural harmonics. Is that right? I would like to understand them. For example, what does (2.7) on third string means? What does (2.4) on second string means?
It appears to be the 'fret' number, just as you'd find in the rest of the tab. Except open harmonics start out over frets - 1st is at the 12th fret, an octave, but as the string gets divided more and more, the nodes become out of line with the guitar frets. The 6th harmonic is found over 'fret 2.7' and the 5th over 'fret 3.2'.This is obviously very close to where the fretting hand is working anyway, so convenient to play with just about any finger.
The '15va' gives the fact that the note heard is 2 octaves above the written note.So the 2nd string harmonic is a minor 7th note - A, and the third string harmonic is a P5, of G, which will be D (assuming there's no key sig. on the staff).
Metal Guitar Scales
There are other places to touch an open string to get a same harmonic. Try the 3rd harmonic, found over 5th fret. There's the same one over the 24th fret. If you haven't got a 24th fret, it's often in line with the neck pup. Or work out where it would have been put. Just a quarter of the way along the string - from each direction.
I have never before seen decimal numbers used to represent harmonics. Although harmonics are a natural consequence of dividing a string to a length corresponding to the position of a note in the harmonic series, I expect most players would find this form of notation technical and/or distracting. The truth is, there are many ways to notate and especially in the case of guitar there is no real authoritative standard. The most common way to notate a natural harmonic is to use the diamond-shaped notehead seen in the above staff. If they must be represented in tablature, usually a fret number indicating the approximate position as well as the letters N.H... will suffice.Douglas Niedt is a successful concert and recording artist and highly respected master classical guitar teacher with 50 years of teaching experience. He is Associate Professor of Music (retired), at the Conservatory of Music and Dance, University of Missouri-Kansas City and a Fellow of the Henry W. Bloch School of Management—Regnier Institute for Entrepreneurship and Innovation.
Doug studied with such diverse masters as Andrés Segovia, Pepe Romero, Christopher Parkening, Narciso Yepes, Oscar Ghiglia, and Jorge Morel. Therefore, Doug provides solutions for you from a variety of perspectives and schools of thought.
How To Play Guitar Harmonics
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Artificial Harmonics Exercises
Welcome to the wacky world of harmonic notation. Harmonic notation for the guitar is a mishmash of contradictions and inconsistencies. Some passages of harmonics in the repertoire are unfathomable as to how they are to be played. But then, you knew that. Since beginning this series of classical guitar technique tips on harmonics, I have received many pleas for help for an explanation of harmonic notation.
First, I will describe the three systems of notation for natural harmonics. Then, I will give details on the many flavors of notation for artificial harmonics.
The first system notates the open string on which the harmonic will be played with a number indicating which fret to touch. Take note that in this system, the notation does not tell you what pitch is coming out of the guitar. Simple enough, huh?
Harmonica Notes And Chords Chart
Any of those twelve can take on one of the twelve added descriptive terms mentioned above (harmonic, harm., har., etc.). By my count, so far, that makes 144 possible ways of notating the exact same harmonic.
Another way of notating harmonics in this first system is to use the letter H with an Arabic or Roman numeral to denote the fret. That adds these possible versions (Ex. #7):
That makes a grand total of 312 ways to notate the same harmonic. And again, that’s just with the first of three notational systems we will look at!
How To Play Pinch Harmonics On Electric Guitar
6. As you know, a natural harmonic is normally played with both hands. But it may also be played with the right-hand alone (like an artificial harmonic). Sometimes that will be indicated, sometimes not. When specified, you may see the following notations above the staff or close to the harmonic note:
After playing natural harmonics with right-hand harmonic technique, an indication to return to normal natural harmonic technique may be made by referring to the left hand: mano izquierda in Spanish (m.i. or M.I.) or main gauche in French (m.g. or M.G.).
In his arrangement of Nuages by Django Reinhardt, Roland Dyens uses both types of natural harmonic technique in the same measure. Notice that the system Dyens uses to notate his harmonics is not the one we are discussing. It is system #3 which we will get to soon. But, this is a very good example of how the normal technique and right-hand technique of producing natural harmonics may be mixed together (Ex. #10):
How To Play Natural Harmonics On Your Guitar
The second system for notating natural harmonics indicates the note where the left-hand finger touches the string to produce the harmonic. Additional numeric information is given to indicate which string the note is on and which left-hand finger to use. Here are three examples (Ex. #11):
As with the first system of notation, the notehead may be a diamond or not, solid or hollow, and a circle may or may not be placed somewhere by the notehead. Likewise, one of the terms Harmonic (Harm. or Har.), Natural Harmonic (Nat. Harm., Nat. Har., or N.H.), Armonico or Armonica (Arm. or Ar.) may or may not be used (Ex. #12):
The main thing to remember about this system of notation is that the written note may or may not coincide with the pitch produced by the guitar.
How To Play The Harmonic Minor
At the 12th fret, the pitch of the written note and the pitch that comes out of the guitar are the same (Ex. #13):
At the 7th fret, the pitch that comes out of the guitar is an octave higher than the written note (Ex. #14):
At the 5th fret, the pitch that comes out of the guitar is an octave plus a fifth higher than the written note (Ex. #15):
Harmonics In Tab?
At the 4th fret, the pitch that comes out of the guitar is two octaves higher (though noticeably flatter) than the written pitch (Ex. #16):
At the 9th fret, the pitches that come out of the guitar are exactly the same as those at the 4th fret. But the notation looks entirely different from that at the 4th fret because again, in this system of notation, we are indicating the note where the left-hand finger touches the string to produce the harmonic. The notes at the 9th fret are different from those at the 4th fret. Therefore, the harmonic notation looks different on paper. But the notes coming out of the guitar are identical (Ex.#17):
At the 19th fret, the pitches that come out of the guitar are exactly the same as those at the 7th fret. But here again (as with the 4th and 9th frets), the notation for the 19th fret looks entirely different that at the 7th fret because this system of notation indicates the note where the left-hand finger touches the string to produce the harmonic. The notes at the 19th fret are different from those at the 7th fret. Therefore, the harmonic notation looks different on paper. But the notes coming out of the guitar are identical (Ex. #19):
Harmonics In Tablature
Some composer/arrangers who use this system of natural harmonic notation differentiate between harmonics that sound the same pitches as the written notes and those that produce different pitches from the written notes. In the well-known natural harmonic section of his Prelude No. 4, Heitor Villa-Lobos used this type of notation. Unfortunately the printed version has many mistakes in it (as do countless other passages of harmonics in Villa-Lobos’ music). This is what he was intending to notate (Ex. #21):
Note Villa-Lobos’ use of the open or hollow diamond noteheads. Other composers/arrangers use this notation as well. I suppose it emphasizes that these are harmonics, but I find it unnecessary. I think it is far preferable and less confusing to use the open or hollow diamond noteheads only for half-notes and whole-notes, as in normal notation. Using the open diamond noteheads for all note values can lead to misinterpretation or obfuscation of rhythms. Incidentally,
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